《三体》里的哲学:不存在啦!

The Non-Exist Philosophy in Remembrance of Earth's Past

刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》的核心假设“黑暗森林法则”预设了:1.宇宙资源有限;2.一种弥漫星际的“人性本恶论”思想;3.爆炸性的技术发展在牺牲人文价值的前提下是可能的(其中第二个预设与第三个预设又彼此关联,因为牺牲人文价值本身就意味着对于善的排斥)。然而,站在康德哲学立场上看,宇宙资源是否有限是一个超越知性能力的问题,我们对此无法有确切证据;站在进化伦理学的立场上看,至少对于地球生命来说,伦理性的出现的确能够提高物种的生物学适应性,因此,伦理性本就是高等生命进化的题中应有之义(而且,大多数进化论专家都认为进化论是适用于外星生物的);站在马克思主义的立场上看,更高级的生产力水平往往与更先进的社会制度相联系,而更先进的社会制度本身也意味着伦理性的提高(没有理由认为马克思的这一理论仅仅适用于地球文明)。因此,《三体》的核心假设与我们已知的主流哲学观点有较大的冲突。

The philosophy of Liu Cixin's Remembrance of Earth's Past assumes that 1)the resources in the universe is limited,2)human nature is evil across the universe,and 3)technology explosion could be achieved by sacrificing humanitarian values.Assumption 2 and 3 are intertwined because the sacrifice of humanitarian values means the failure of ethics.Yet according to Kant,whether the resources of the universe is limited is agnostic and cannot be proved.From the perspective of evolutionary ethics,at least for Earth life,ethicality does enhance the biological adaptability of species,hence ethicality is inherent in the evolution of higher life(and,according to most experts on evolution,extraterrestrial life).From the standpoint of Marxism,advanced productive forces is associated with advanced social systems,which,in turn,means advanced ethics(which can also apply to extraterrestrial civilizations).Therefore,the core assumptions of Remembrance of Earth's Past are in conflict with the mainstream philosophical theories today.