王维《终南山》诗的政治倾向与道教文化

The Political Orientation and Taoist Culture of Mount Zhongnan by Wangwei

《终南山》是历来备受赞美的描写山水风景之名作,表现了盛唐文人追求自由、高洁的人格精神和崇高、壮美的审美观念,艺术上被视作王维“诗中有画”艺术的杰出代表。此诗创作于开元二十九年王维归隐终南山之时,不仅刻画了终南山风景之壮美,还含蓄地流露出不与黑暗政治势力同流合污的政治立场。终南山是当时佛、道信仰者和隐逸之士一致钟情之地,此诗深深地烙上道教文化印痕,体现出王维思想感受的丰富性和复杂性。

Mount Zhongnan, a well-acclaimed landscape poem, expresses literati’s aspiration for freedom and elegance as well as their lofty aesthetic taste during the peak period of the Tang Dynasty. Deemed as the best representation of Wangwei’s perfect integration of poem and image, Mount Zhongnan was composed in the 29th year of the Kaiyuan reign when the poet returned to the mountain as a hermit. The poem depicts the gorgeous pictures of the mountain and implies the poet’s honest political orientation which rejected any collaboration with corrupt political cliques. Mount Zhongnan used to be an attraction for Buddhism and Taoism followers as well as recluses, and therefore, the poem is branded with distinct Taoist culture and manifests Wangwei’s rich and complex feelings.