《庄子》“孤犊”与《史记》“孤豚”辨析

The Discrimination Between "Solitary Calf" in Zhuangzi and "Solitary Piggy" in the Records of the Grand Historian

《庄子·列御寇》“虽欲为孤犊”句,《史记·老子韩非列传》引作“虽欲为孤豚”,遂出现“孤犊”与“孤豚”正误之辨。实际上,“孤犊”与“孤豚”并不同义,不能互换;“孤豚”也不能出现在前文同为“牺牛”的特定语境中。《史记》此处的“孤豚”可能是司马迁之误引或误用,也可能是后人传抄错误,因此,在《史记》校勘、注释、翻译或引用时,应当对此加以指出和订正。

Due to comparison between " to be a solitary calf though" collected by Zhuangzi royal Kou and "to be a solitary piggy though" cited in Records of the historical Records Laozi Han Fei Biography,there appears the right and wrong debate between "solitary calf" and "solitary piggy". In fact, "solitary calf" and "solitary piggy" are different meanings and cannot be exchanged;"solitary piggy" cannot appear in the previous text as "sacrifice cow" specific context. The "solitary piggy" here in the Records of the Grand Historian may be miscited or misused by Sima Qian, or it may be miscounted by later generations. Therefore, it should be pointed out and corrected in the calibration, annotation, translation, or quotation.