磨矿介质对两种铜镍硫化矿石浮选行为的影响

Effect of Grinding Media on Flotation Performance of Cu-Ni Sulfide Ores

以分别产自中国(JC铜镍矿)和南非(NK铜镍矿)的两种不同铜镍矿为研究对象,研究了磨矿介质种类对铜镍矿石浮选行为的影响。研究结果表明,JC铜镍矿经不锈钢介质磨矿后Cu、Ni浮选回收率均高于铸铁介质磨矿,Cu的品位显著提高,Ni的上浮速度变慢,蛇纹石上浮量大幅度提高;而NK铜镍矿经不锈钢介质磨矿后Cu、Ni浮选回收率显著低于铸铁介质磨矿,硫化矿物和铬铁矿上浮量提高,而滑石上浮量显著降低。磨矿过程中的伽伐尼作用、铸铁介质磨矿产生的羟基络合物是影响铜镍硫化矿物和脉石矿物浮选行为的重要因素。而两种矿石矿物组成的差异一定程度上造成上述因素对两种矿石浮选行为的影响规律产生差异。JC铜镍矿脉石矿物以蛇纹石为主,铸铁介质磨矿过程中产生的Fe对蛇纹石产生活化作用,使蛇纹石在浮选过程中大量上浮,降低精矿品位;伽伐尼作用对JC铜镍矿浮选行为的影响显著,不锈钢介质磨矿时铜矿物的适当氧化提高铜浮选速度和回收率,而对镍矿物的浮选速度产生负面影响。NK铜镍矿滑石含量达7%,由于滑石强疏水性和对起泡剂与捕收剂的吸附消耗能力,不锈钢介质对NK铜镍矿磨矿时较大比例起泡剂和捕收剂被滑石消耗,导致硫化矿物上浮量大幅度降低,但伽伐尼作用对硫化铜矿物浮选速度仍有一定程度的提升。铸铁介质磨矿产生的铁羟基络合物在矿物表面的罩盖一定程度上降低滑石对起泡剂与捕收剂的吸附消耗,进而提高矿石中硫化镍、磁黄铁矿的上浮量。

In this study, two different copper nickel ores produced in China and South Africa were taken as the research object, and the influence of grinding medium type on the flotation behavior of copper nickel ores was studied.The results show that the flotation recoveries of Cu and Ni of JC copper nickel ore from China after grinding with stainless steel medium are higher than those of cast iron medium, the grade of Cu is significantly improved, the floating speed of Ni is slower, and the floating amount of serpentine is greatly increased.However, the copper and nickel flotation recovery of NK copper nickel ore of South Africa after grinding with stainless steel medium is significantly lower than that of iron casting medium, and the mass draw of sulfide mineral and chromite is increased, while the mass draw of talc is significantly reduced.Galvanic effect in grinding process and hydroxyl complex produced by grinding of cast iron medium are important factors affecting flotation behavior of copper nickel sulfide minerals and gangue minerals.The difference in mineral composition of the two ores, to some extent, causes the difference in the influence of the above factors on the flotation behavior of the two ores.The gangue mineral of JC copper nickel ore is mainly serpentine.The Fe produced in the grinding process of cast iron medium has a living effect on serpentine, which makes the serpentine float up in a large amount in the flotation process and reduces the concentrate grade.The effect of Gavanic on the flotation behavior of JC copper nickel ore is significant.The proper oxidation of copper minerals during grinding with stainless steel medium can improve the copper flotation speed and recovery rate, but has a negative impact on the flotation speed of nickel minerals.The content of talc in NK copper nickel ore reaches 7%.Due to the strong hydrophobicity of talc and the adsorption and consumption capacity of the foaming agent and collector, a large proportion of the foaming agent and collector of NK copper nickel ore are consumed by talc when grinding with stainless steel medium, resulting in a significant reduction in the flotation amount of sulfide minerals, but the flotation speed of copper sulfide minerals is still improved to a certain extent by the effect of gavanic.The cover of iron hydroxy speicies produced by grinding of cast iron medium on the surface reduces the absorption consumption of talc for frother and collector to a certain extent, thereby increasing the mass draw of nickel sulfide and pyrrhotite in the ore.