肿瘤微环境与肝癌干细胞相互作用对肝细胞癌发生发展的影响

Influence of the interaction between tumor microenvironment and liver cancer stem cells on the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma

近几年,肝癌干细胞(LCSC)被认为是肝细胞癌(HCC)治疗失败和复发的主要原因之一。许多研究已经表明LCSC是肝癌肿瘤中具有自我更新、分化和致瘤能力的一小部分细胞,它能启动HCC的发生,并影响其增殖、侵袭、转移、复发和耐药。最近以肿瘤微环境(TME)为基础的治疗已经开展,许多研究发现靶向TME的相关元素比靶向肿瘤细胞本身更具治疗价值。TME是LCSC和肝癌细胞生长的微环境,它与LCSC相互作用,发挥协同效应,对HCC的发生发展起着积极作用。本文介绍了TME中的各种细胞成分和非细胞成分如何与LCSC相互作用,调节肝癌的发生、发展。此外,还描述了TME中主要成分与LCSC相关联的一些分子靶点及治疗方法或药物,以期能在它们的基础上寻求更安全、更有效的HCC靶向治疗方法。

In recent years, liver cancer stem cells(LCSC) have been considered one of the main causes of treatment failure and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Many studies have shown that LCSC are a small fraction of cells with the abilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenesis in HCC tumor, which can initiate the onset of HCC and affect its proliferation, invasion, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance. Therapies based on tumor microenvironment(TME) have been developed recently, and a number of studies have found that targeting the relevant elements of TME has a higher therapeutic value than targeting tumor cells themselves. TME is the microenvironment for the growth of LCSC and HCC cells, and it interacts with LCSC and has a synergistic effect, thereby playing a positive role in the development and progression of HCC. This article introduces how various cellular components and non-cellular components in TME interact with LCSC to regulate the development and progression of the HCC. In addition, this article also describes the molecular targets, therapies, and drugs associated with the main components of TME and LCSCs, in order to seek safer and more effective targeted therapies for HCC.