民事案件二审独任制改革路径探析

An Analysis of the Reform Path of the Second Instance Sole Judge System in Civil Cases

独任制的存在起到了繁简分流的作用,使相对稀缺的司法资源得到更为合理的利用。但由于在二审程序中并未对适用简易程序做出相关的规定或司法解释,对于部分在一审程序中适用速裁程序或简易程序的案件以及当事人为拖延时间提起上诉的案件,在进入二审程序之后仍会适用普通程序组成合议庭开庭审理,这就难免导致案件在二审形成堆积,不能充分利用并进一步扩大一审程序繁简分流积累下来的优势。应当加快推进二审独任制改革,从司法管理、立法和社会三个层面探索改革支持的路径。

The existence of the sole judge system has played a role in the diversion of complexity and simplicity,making more rational use of relatively scarce judicial resources.However,due to the lack of relevant provisions or judicial interpretations on the application of summary procedure in the procedure of second instance.For some cases that apply the procedure of quick judgment or summary procedure in the procedure of first instance and the cases that the parties file an appeal to delay the time,the common procedure will still be applied to form a collegial panel for hearing,which inevitably leads to the accumulation of cases in the second instance after entering the procedure of second instance.We can’t fully utilize and further expand the advantages accumulated by the complicated and simple procedures of the first instance.We should accelerate the reform of the system of second instance,and explore the path of reform support from the three levels of judicial management,legislation and society.