育苗方式对寒地水稻秧苗素质、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Seedling Raising Methods on Seedling Quality,Yield and Quality of Rice in Cold Region

基于育苗土需求量越来越大,选用基质板育苗对于农业可持续发展有着重要作用。试验以水稻品种龙粳31为材料,采用二因素随机区组设计,A因素为4个种植地区(黑龙江省查哈阳农场、富裕牧场、齐齐哈尔种畜场和泰来县),B因素为育苗方式(基质板育苗和常规育苗),探讨了基质板育苗和常规育苗对水稻秧苗素质及产量品质的影响。结果表明,在水稻秧苗素质比较中,试验点与育苗方式二因素互作极显著或显著影响株高、第1叶长、第2叶长和第3叶长等8个秧苗素质指标;基质板育苗除2~3叶枕间距差异不显著外,第1叶长、第2叶长和第3叶长等指标均显著或极显著高于常规育苗,其中,第1叶长、第3叶长和根长最为显著,分别提高了28.01%、29.20%和33.10%。在水稻产量及其构成因素的比较中,基质板育苗结实率显著高于常规育苗,提高了1.36%。在稻米品质指标比较中,基质板育苗各个稻米品质指标与常规育苗差异不显著。

Due to the increasing demand of seedling soil,the selection of substrate plate for seedling cultivation plays an important role in the sustainable development of agriculture.A two-factor random block group was used in the experiment.The test variety was Longjing 31,and the factor A was in four planting areas(Chahayang Farm,Fuyu Pasture,Qiqihar Pedigree Station and Tailai county in Heilongjiang province).The factor B was seedling raising method(substrate plate seedling raising and conventional seedling raising),the effects of substrate plate seedling raising and conventional seedling raising on rice seedling quality were discussed.The results showed that in comparison of rice seedling quality,the interaction between the test site and the seedling method had significant or extremely significant effects on eight seedling quality indexes,including plant height,first leaf length,second leaf length,third leaf length and so on.Except the 2-3 interoccipital interval was no significant difference,first leaf length,second leaf length and third leaf length were significant or extremely significant higher than those of the conventional seedlings,and the length of the first leaf,the third leaf and the root length were the most significant,increased by 28.01%,29.20%and 33.10%,respectively.In comparison of rice yield and its components,the seed-setting rate of substrate was significantly higher than that of conventional substrate,increasing by 1.36%.In the comparison of rice quality indexes,there was no significant difference between substrate plate and conventional rice quality indexes.