合乎人的秩序与合秩序的人

An Order that Conforms to Humanity and a Humanity that Conforms to Order

重建秩序的思考开启了中国的哲学时代,秩序问题从此成为中国哲学的核心问题。就儒家而言,天赐的秩序一变而为生于人的秩序,围绕着人和秩序的关系,人体、人情、人性、人心、人伦和人道占据了思想世界的中心。合乎人的秩序凸显了“人是什么”问题的关键意义,并奠定了秩序哲学的基础。同时,合秩序的人的思考也从形体、情感深入到人心、人性的层面,与合乎人的秩序一起确立起秩序的合理性。儒家形上学以寻求秩序根据为枢纽,发展出内在的心性和超越的天道两个贯通的维度,统一在“道”的观念之中,可以称之为秩序形上学。

The thinking of reconstructing order opens up the philosophical era in Chinese history and makes the issue of order the core issue of Chinese philosophy.In Confucianism,the order given by Heaven is changed into the order that comes from man.In the relationship between human beings and order,the human body and emotions,human nature,heart,ethics and the way of the human being(rendao人道)occupy the center of the world of thought.“An order that conforms to humanity”highlights the key significance of the question of“what is the human being”,and lays the foundation of the philosophy of order.Meanwhile,together with order in harmony with man,the thought about“a humanity that conforms to order”proceeded from body and lemotions to human heart and nature,establishing the validily of the order.Confucian metaphysics,with the search for the basis of order as its pivot,has developed two dimensions which are the heart and inner nature,and transcendental(tiandao天道),and has unified them into the idea of Dao.This can be called metaphysics of order.