低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结转移的诊断方法研究进展

Research progress in the diagnostic methods of lateral lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer

侧方淋巴结转移是低位直肠癌术后局部复发的主要原因之一。低位直肠癌转移的诊断是指导外科医师是否行侧方淋巴结清扫的主要依据,目前主要依靠术前MRI、CT等影像学手段。近年来,低位直肠癌转移的术中诊断技术不断发展,出现了纳米炭示踪技术、吲哚菁绿荧光显影、淋巴闪烁显像和腹腔镜超声等,有望提高诊断效能,更有效地指导手术开展。本文对低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结转移的诊断方法研究进展进行综述。

Lateral lymph node metastasis is one of the main causes of local recurrence after low rectal cancer surgery. The diagnosis of lateral lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer provides strong evidence for surgeons to perform lateral lymph node dissection. Currently, it mainly relies on preoperative MRI, CT and other imaging methods. In recent years, the intraoperative diagnosis technology for lateral lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer has been continuously developed. Nano carbon tracer technology, indocyanine green fluorescence imaging, lymphoscintigraphy, and laparoscopic ultrasound have emerged, which are expected to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and guide the operation more effectively. This review provides an overview of the research progress in the diagnostic methods for lateral lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer.