日本铁路旅游模式与产品分析及启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Japanese Railway Tourism Mode and Product

目前日本铁路多元化经营成效显著,铁路旅游经济成熟,在梳理日本铁路旅游发展历程的基础上,提炼了日本铁路旅游的3种主要模式,即铁路连接旅游地、铁路创造旅游地和铁路资源旅游化,归纳整理了观光列车、铁路车窗和铁路遗产3种主要的铁路旅游产品。从产业体系架构、产品开发、区域合作、铁路文化4个方面剖析日本发展铁路旅游的实践经验,得出打破产业隔阂构建系统铁路旅游开发体系、创新理念设计特色铁路旅游产品、依托地方资源搭建全域旅游畅通平台、以铁路传播文化促进消费等启示,以期为我国铁路与旅游的融合路径探索、推动铁路企业的多元化发展与市场化经营提供借鉴。

At present,Japan’s railway diversified operation has achieved remarkable results and the railway tourism economy is mature.On the basis of analyzing the development course of railway tourism in Japan,three main modes of railway tourism in Japan are refined,namely railway connecting tourist destinations,railway creating tourist destinations and railway resource tourism,and three main railway tourism products of sightseeing trains,railway windows and railway heritage are summarized and sorted out.This paper analyzes Japan's practical experience in developing railway tourism from four aspects:industrial system structure,product development,regional cooperation and railway culture,and draws enlightenment from breaking the industrial barrier to building a systematic railway tourism development system,designing characteristic railway tourism products with innovative concepts,building a smooth platform for all-for-one tourism relying on local resources,and promoting consumption with railway communication culture so as to provide references for exploring the integration path of railway and tourism in China and promoting the diversified development and market-oriented operation of railway enterprises.