福州居住区夏秋季植物群落色彩构成量化研究

Quantitative Analysis of Color Composition of Plant Community in Fuzhou Residential Areas in Summer and Autumn

植物色彩对人的生理和心理都有着积极的影响,将植物季相色彩和植物配置相结合,应用其来调节人的生理和心理的变化,对现在处于高压生活和多数亚健康状态的人们具有重要意义。针对目前居住区植物群落色彩配置存在的问题,以福建省福州市的居住区为对象,通过定性和定量的研究方法探讨植物的季相色彩配置。基于SBE法对福州市居住区内核心绿地、滨水景观区、住宅单元入口、宅边绿地组团、消防道路、人行道路、外部围合7类绿地空间进行筛选,通过采用Color Impact 4.0对7个植物群落的色彩构成进行量化分析,探明植物群落与色彩之间的关系。研究结果表明:7个植物群落的色相较为丰富,共覆盖了孟塞尔色相环的4类基本色相和3类过渡色相;主体色块主要以绿色系为主,个别植物群落在秋季呈现黄绿色;选择色块主要为黄色和紫红色,秋季则多为黄绿色系;点缀色块呈现的色相较为丰富,但个别群落在秋季色彩比较统一,未出现点缀色块。色彩饱和度在9月普遍达到最高值,而在11月份皆以最低值呈现。色彩明度除宅边绿地组团外基本保持稳定。福州市居住区绿地空间应加强对植物季相色彩的重视,提高植物群落配置种类多样性,促进植物景观色彩协调性。

Plant color has a positive impact on human physiology and psychology. Combination of seasonal colors of plant and plant configuration and its application on regulation of human physiological and psychological changes play an important role for people living under high pressure and most of them in sub-health. Aiming at existing problems color configuration of plant community in current residential areas,residential areas in Fuzhou City,Fujian Province were used as research objectives to explore seasonal color configuration of plant through qualitative and quantitative methods. By SBE method,seven types of green space were screened,including core green space,waterfront landscape area,residential unit entrance,group green space beside residence,fire fighting road,pedestrian road and external enclosure. Color impact 4.0 was used to quantify the color composition of seven plant communities and the relationship between plant communities and color was analyzed. The results showed that the hues of seven plant communities were relatively rich,covering four types of basic hues and three types of transitional hues of Munsell hue ring;The main color block was mainly green color system,and some plant communities were yellow green in autumn;the selected color blocks were mainly yellow and purplish red,and most of them were yellow green in autumn;the embellishment color block were relatively rich,but the colors of some plant communities were relatively uniform in autumn,and no embellishment color block appeared. The color saturation generally reached the highest value in September and the lowest value in November. The color lightness remained basically stable except for group green space beside residence. The green space of Fuzhou residential areas should pay more attention to the seasonal color of plants,improve the diversity of plant community configuration,and promote the coordination of plant landscape color.