4~6岁幼儿灵敏素质评价工具构建及应用

Construction and application of evaluation tool for young children’s agility quality aged from 4 to 6 years old

构建一个能够反映幼儿灵敏素质各结构要素的科学、系统、易测的评价工具,以利于在教学实践中全面准确评价幼儿灵敏素质发展水平。通过专家访谈法与德尔菲法确定幼儿灵敏素质结构模型;利用测试法对4省6市1440名幼儿进行灵敏素质发展水平测试,经探索性与验证性因子分析验证结构模型的信效度,层次分析法与熵权法确定指标权重,百分位法确定评价标准,最终构建4~6岁幼儿灵敏素质评价工具。结果表明:(1)幼儿灵敏素质评价模型的适配度指标达到可接受范围,所测数据与理论假设相拟合。(2)确定4~5岁与5~6岁2个年龄段幼儿灵敏素质评价指标体系,包含感知决策、快速变向、快速变换动作、平衡能力4项一级指标和20项测试指标。(3)制定中班和大班幼儿灵敏素质单项评分标准和综合评价标准,对样本综合评价的回代检验与理论百分比相吻合。研究认为:该评价工具能准确反映幼儿灵敏素质各要素且具较好的操作性,灵敏素质单项与综合评分标准对幼儿具有较好的区分度,适用于4~6岁幼儿灵敏素质评价。

To construct a scientific, systematic, and easy to measure evaluation tool that can reflect the structural elements of young children’s agility quality, so as to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the development level of young children’s agility in teaching practice. The structure model of young children’s agility was determined by expert interview and Delphi method;1440 young children in 4 provinces and 6 cities were tested for their agility development level by using the test method to obtain the data source for mathematical statistics;through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to verify the reliability and validity of the structural model, AHP and entropy weight method to determine the weight of the indicators, percentile method to determine the evaluation criteria, and finally build a agility evaluation tool for 4-6-year-old young children. The results are as follows:(1) The fitness index of the evaluation model of young children’s agility has reached an acceptable range, and the measured data fit the theoretical hypothesis.(2) The evaluation index system of young children’s agility of 4-5 years old and 5-6 years old was determined, including four first-class indicators of perceptual decision-making, rapid direction change,rapid movement change and balance ability and 20 test indicators.(3) A single scoring standard and a comprehensive evaluation standard for the agility of children in middle and large classes were formulated. The back test of the comprehensive evaluation of the samples was consistent with the theoretical percentage. The conclusions are that: this evaluation tool can accurately reflect the elements of young children’s agility and has good operation,and the individual and comprehensive scoring standards of young children’s agility have a good discrimination to young children and are suitable for the evaluation of young children’s agility from 4 to 6 years old.