中小学生减负政策注意力演变趋势及特征——基于义务教育阶段学生减负政策文本的计量分析

A Study of the Trends and Characteristics of Attention Evolution of Students’ Burden Reduction Policy in China’s Compulsory Education--Econometric Analysis Based on Policy Text

政策注意力体现着政府对政策的关注方向,其差异化配置对探讨我国学生减负政策样态的分化和演进逻辑起着重要作用。通过对改革开放以来的我国义务教育阶段学生减负政策文本进行考察,借助扎根理论的编码技术进行文本计量分析,在探析减负政策变迁的注意力分布与阶段性特征后,研究发现,在政策工具运用、政策减负内容、政策实施主体与政策实施方式几个方面,减负政策注意力趋势呈现出在稳定中持续发展、非均衡和差异化的转移、短时期存在应急反馈式的突变和总体呈螺旋趋势不断迭代前进的演变特征,并发现当前减负政策注意力存在部分失衡现象。对我国减负政策注意力变迁的趋势与特征的分析,未来我国减负政策需要进一步寻求破解功能定式、突破政策的限度困境、加强减负政策注意力的针对性,以平衡政策注意力的资源配置。

Policy attention reflects the direction that the government pays attention to the policy,and its differential attention allocation plays an important role in exploring the differentiation and evolution logic of Students’Burden Reduction Policy in China.In order to better explore the evolution trend of Students’Burden Reduction Policy At⁃tention in China’s compulsory education since the reform and opening up,this study adopts grounded theory to en⁃code and analyze the Students’Burden Reduction Policies in different periods through text analysis and finds that Students’Burden Reduction Policy Attention shows some evolutionary characteristics,including sustainable devel⁃opment in stability,unbalanced and differentiated transfer,sudden change of emergency feedback in a short period and continuous iterative progress in a spiral trend as a whole in policy instruments,policy contents in burden reduc⁃tion,policy implementation subjects and policy implementation modes,and it is found that Students’Burden Re⁃duction Policy Attention is partially out of balance.Based on this,it is necessary to seek to break the functional stereotype,break through the limitation of the policies,strengthen the pertinence of the policies,and further bal⁃ance the resource allocation of the policy attention in Students’Burden Reduction Policy Attention in China’s com⁃pulsory education.