牙槽嵴保存技术的临床应用

Clinical application of alveolar ridge preservation techniques

拔牙后会引起牙槽骨的吸收和软组织退缩,应用牙槽嵴保存技术可阻断或减缓牙槽骨吸收,实现剩余牙槽嵴的保存或增量。评估剩余牙槽窝骨壁及其拔牙后条件对于选择种植治疗方案至关重要。牙槽嵴保存技术虽是一种有效减少牙槽骨吸收的手术方法,但临床上需要遵循其适应证,严格按照牙槽嵴保存的手术流程,应用合适的手术方法及恰当的植骨材料,并做好一期创口关闭。文章将对牙槽嵴保存技术的适应证及优缺点、手术方法、种植手术时机做一介绍,以期为临床医生明确其手术指征及进行标准化操作提供一定的指导。

Tooth extraction will cause the resorption of alveolar bone and soft tissue retraction,and the application of alveolar ridge preservation technology can block or slow down alveolar bone resorption and achieve the preservation or increment of the remaining alveolar crest. To assess the remaining alveolar fossa bone walls and their post-extraction conditions is essential to choosing an implant treatment regimen. Although alveolar ridge preservation technology is an effective surgical method to prevent alveolar bone resorption,we need to consider its indications,strictly follow the surgical process of alveolar ridge preservation,apply appropriate surgical methods,select proper bone grafting material,and do a good job of first-stage wound closure. In this article,we introduce the indications,advantages and disadvantages,surgical methods,and timing of implant surgery of alveolar ridge preservation technology,in order to help clinicians to be clear with the surgical indications and provide some guidance for clinicians when they perform stardardized operation.