种植体支持式单端悬臂桥的中短期临床评价

Clinical evaluation of implant-supported prostheses with cantilever in short and mid-term period

目的 评估上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙连续缺失采用种植体支持式单端悬臂桥修复的中短期临床效果。方法 回顾分析2016年6月至2020年1月于郑州大学第一附属医院口腔种植科就诊的上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙缺失后使用单端悬臂桥修复并符合纳入标准的37例患者资料。分析比较患者种植体存留率、并发症发生率、近悬臂侧和远悬臂侧边缘骨吸收量、种植体周围软组织健康程度、龈乳头指数及患者满意度。结果 在观察期内,种植体存留率100%;机械和生物并发症发生率分别为5.4%和8.1%;种植体年平均边缘骨吸收量为(0.06±0.05)mm,且近悬臂和远悬臂侧边缘骨吸收量差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);探诊深度平均为(1.75±0.36)mm,改良菌斑指数平均为0.60±0.46,改良出血指数平均为1.18±0.36;在不同时间点,患者龈乳头指数有变化(P <0.05),且龈乳头指数随着时间的延长而变化(P <0.05);患者满意度评分平均为(9.24±0.91)分。结论 当上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙区种植修复空间有限时,选择设计良好的单端悬臂桥行种植修复,在中短观察期内可满足美观及功能需求,且悬臂对临床效果无明显影响,但长期效果还需进一步观察。

Objective To evaluate the short and mid-term clinical effect of implant-supported prostheses with cantilever for the restoration of continuous loss of the unilateral maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor. Methods The data of 37 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were collected,who were repaired with implant-supported prostheses with cantilever after continuous loss of the unilateral maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor in our hospital from June2016 to January 2020. The implant survival rate,incidence of complications,marginal bone resorption of the proximal and distal cantilever,health index of soft tissue around the implant,gingival papilla index and patient satisfaction score were statistically analyzed. Results During the short and mid-term observation period,the implant survival rate was100%;the incidence of mechanical and biological complication was 5.4% and 8.1% respectively;the average marginal bone resorption of the implant per year was(0.06 ± 0.05)mm,and there was no statistical difference in bone resorption between the proximal and the distal of the cantilever(P > 0.05);the average probing depth,plaque index and bleeding index were(1.75 ± 0.36)mm,0.60 ± 0.46 and 1.18 ± 0.36 respectively;there were statistical differences in gingival papilla index in different periods(P < 0.05),and the gingival papilla index changed with the extension of time(P < 0.05);the average patient satisfaction score of patients was(9.24 ± 0.91)points. Conclusion When the space of implant restoration for unilateral maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor is limited,the well-designed implant-supported prostheses with cantilever can meet the aesthetic and function needs in the short and mid-term period,and the cantilever has no significant influence on the clinical effect,but it needs to the long-term effect needs further observation.