2016—2020年我国儿童疱疹性咽峡炎住院病例流行特征及疾病负担分析

Analysis of the epidemic characteristics and disease burden of herpangina in hospitalized children in China from 2016 to 2020

目的分析我国2016—2020年儿童疱疹性咽峡炎(herpangina, HA)的流行特征及疾病负担, 为我国儿童HA的诊疗及防控提供基础参考数据。方法通过福棠儿童医学发展研究中心收集2016—2020年我国23个省份的27家儿童医院或妇幼保健院中HA住院患儿的病历首页信息, 对我国儿童HA进行流行病学、重症情况以及疾病负担等进行描述性统计分析。结果 2016—2020年全国27家儿童医院或妇幼保健院共报告HA住院病例24 099例;其中, 男女比为1.46∶1, 年龄≤6岁的住院患儿为23 432例(97.23%)。除2020年外, 每年HA发病都集中在4~9月份, 6~7月份为发病高峰期;华东地区统计住院患儿最多, 为8 520例(35.72%)。在研究期间, 全国HA患儿的住院占比是0.42%(24 099/5 790 910);东北地区的住院占比最高, 为0.69%(1 720/249 244)。本研究中一共有1 510例(6.27%)患儿表现为重症, 男女比为1.35∶1;其中, 1 326例(87.81%)患儿年龄≤3岁, 且年龄在28天-≤1岁的患儿重症率最高(7.47%, 784/10 494)。HA住院患儿医疗费用的中位数为3 570.41元(IQR:2 698.03, 4 747.30), 住院时长的中位数为5天(IQR:4, 6)。结论我国儿童HA发病集中在夏季, 好发于年龄≤6岁的儿童;同时, 我国HA住院患儿人数多, 所产生的花费较高, 造成了一定的疾病负担。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and burden of herpangina(HA)in Chinese children from 2016 to 2020,which provides basic data reference for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention and control of HA in China.Methods The homepage information of hospitalized children with HA were collected from 27 children′s hospitals and maternal and child health hospitals in 23 provinces of China from 2016 to 2020 and the epidemiology,severity and disease burden of HA were descriptively and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 24,099 hospitalized children with HA were reported from 27 children′s hospitals and maternal and child health hospitals in 2016-2020.In all that the hospitalized children,the male-to-female ratio was 1.46∶1 and 23,432 children(97.23%)were≤6 years old.HA onset lasted from April to September and its peak was in June or July every year except 2020.The largest number of hospitalized children with HA were found in East China(8,520/23,849;35.72%).During study years,the proportion of hospitalized children with HA among all admissions in 27 investigated hospitals was 0.42%(24,099/5,790,910).In terms of regions,the highest proportion was in Northeast China 0.69%(1,720/249,244).A total of 1,510(6.27%)children were severe cases and the male-to-female ratio was about 1.35∶1;1,326(87.81%)children were≤3 years old and the highest proportion of severe cases was in 28 days to≤1 years old children(7.47%,784/10,494).The median of expenses for hospitalized children with HA was 3,570.41 RMB(IQR 2,698.03-4,747.30),and the median hospital stay was 5 days(IQR 4-6).Conclusions HA onset in China was predominantly in summer and at the age of≤6 years.Meanwhile,owing to a large number of hospitalized children with HA and the high expenditures they generated,HA caused a considerable disease burden.