高质量教育发展背景下我国特殊学生评价政策的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of Chinese Evaluation Policies for Students with Special Needs in the Context of High-quality Education Development

党的二十大报告明确提出“加快建设高质量教育体系”“完善学校管理和教育评价体系”,建立完善特殊学生评价体系是实现特殊教育高质量发展的必然要求。本研究采用文本分析法,借助Nvivo12软件对改革开放以来我国有关特殊学生评价的政策文本进行词频分析和内容编码,对政策发展进行阶段划分,以了解我国特殊学生评价政策的演进趋势。研究发现,我国特殊学生评价体系起步较晚,速度逐渐加快;评价指标逐渐丰富,彰显时代特征和本土特色;评价方式日益多元,指向高质量发展。建议未来出台的有关我国特殊学生的评价政策要坚持以学生发展为中心,优化评价内容与方式,积极探索信息化评价,增强评价法律法规保障。

The report of the 20th CPC National Congress clearly puts forward "accelerating the construction of a high-quality education system" and "perfecting the school management and education evaluation system".Establishing and perfecting the evaluation system for students with special needs is an inevitable requirement for high-quality development of special education.Using the text analysis method,the study analyzed the word frequency and content coding of China’s policy texts related to the evaluation of students with special needs since the reform and opening-up,and divided the policy development into stages to understand the evolution trend of those policies with the help of Nvivo12 software.The study also found that the evaluation system for students with special needs in China started late and accelerated gradually.The evaluation indicators were enriched gradually,highlighting the characteristics of the times and the local features;the evaluation methods were increasingly diversified,pointing to high-quality development.Future evaluation policies concerning students with special needs should take student development as the central task,optimize the contents and methods of evaluation,actively explore information-based evaluation,and enhance the legal and regulatory protection for evaluation.