活细胞中内源RNA的荧光成像方法研究进展

Recent advances in fluorescence imaging methods for endogenous RNA in living cells

RNA的活细胞成像可以为我们提供细胞生命活动过程中的基因表达和调控等重要信息.RNA定位和动力学的研究需要开发以高空间和时间分辨率观察RNA的工具.近年来,利用RNA结合蛋白、体外RNA进化等方法在活细胞内源RNA可视化方面取得了重大进展.本文中,我们回顾了活细胞RNA成像的发展历史,重点介绍基于荧光RNA适配体和CRISPR/Cas等可基因编码的活细胞内源RNA成像手段的机制、进展和优缺点.最后讨论和展望了该领域的挑战和未来前景.

Live-cell imaging of RNA can provide us with important information on gene expression and regulation during cellular life activities.Studies of RNA localization and dynamics require the development of tools to visualize RNA with high spatial and temporal resolution.In recent years,significant progress has been made in visualizing endogenous RNA in living cells using RNA-binding proteins,in vitro RNA evolution,and other methods.Here,we review the history of RNA imaging in living cells,which highlights on the mechanisms,advances,and advantages and disadvantages of genetically encodable means of imaging endogenous RNA in living cells based on fluorescent RNA aptamers and CRISPR/Cas.Finally,the challenges and future prospect of the field are discussed.