王阳明心物论的生态伦理意蕴

Ecological Ethics Implication of Wang Yang-ming's Theory of Mind and Matter

王阳明讲心外无物,人们误以为王阳明是以主观来起灭天地,这不利于人们遵守自然规律。实际上,“物”在王阳明哲学中具有存在物和行为物之分:行为物与人的意识密切相关;存在物独立自存,不受意识影响。存在物按照自身的规律运行发展,自然事物作为存在物,也是有规律的,我们对于它们要“勿忘勿助”。即使存在物变为行为物,我们也要在格物致知中正心诚意,使自己的行为符合天理,与自然和谐共生,这对推动生态保护、建构生态伦理具有重要的意义。

Wang Yang-ming said that there is nothing outside the mind.People mistakenly think that Wang Yang-mingconstructs and destroys heaven and earth subjectively,which is not conducive forpeople to observe the law of nature.In fact,in Wang Yang-ming's philosophy,“things”can be divided into being things and acting things:acting things are closely related to human consciousness;Being things exist on their own,independent of consciousness.Being things operate and develop according to their own laws.Natural things,as being things,also have laws.We should“notforget nor help”them.Even if being things becomeacting things,we should be faithful in the understanding of the object,so that our behavior conforms to the nature and harmoniously co-exists with nature.