环境友好型中药肥对水稻产量品质及病虫害防治效果的影响研究

Effects of Environment-friendly Chinese Medicine Fertilizer Application on Rice Yield,Quality and Pest Control

为探寻环境友好型中药肥在水稻生产上的减施增效效果,采用大田试验,选择5个水稻品种为研究对象,研究了中药肥处理(相比常规化学农药减量20%)下水稻品种生育进程、产量及相关农艺性状、稻米品质性状和病虫防治表现。结果表明,与对照相比,中药肥可以显著缩短水稻的生育进程,增加颖花数、每穗总粒数和千粒重,提高水稻产量3.8%~6.7%;中药肥处理下各品种整精米率提升1.4%~7.3%,垩白粒率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量分别降低13.2%~62.2%、11.6%~59.5%和1.0%~6.5%;中药肥处理下各品种稻瘟病发病率降低0.9%~17.7%,稻蓟马和稻纵卷叶螟防效则分别提高2.2%~15.8%和1.0%~8.2%。

The growth process, yield and other ralated agronomic traits, rice quality traits and pest control performance of 5 rice varieties treated with traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer(TCM fertilizer, 20% less compared with conventional chemical pesticides)were studied in field experiments. The results showed that, compared with the control, TCM fertilizer could significantly shorten the growth process of rice, increase the total grain number per spike, number of spikelets and thousand-grain weight, and increase rice yield by 3.8%-6.7%. Under the treatment of TCM fertilizer, the whole refined rice rate increased by 1.4%~7.3%, and the chalk grain,chalk rate and amylose content decreased by 13.2%-62.2%, 11.6%-59.5% and 1.0%-6.5%, respectively. Under the treatment of TCM fertilizer, the incidence of rice blast decreased by 0.9%-17.7%, the control effect of rice thistle horse and rice leaf rolling borer increased by 2.2%-15.8% and 1.0%-8.2%.