蒙东地区旱作水稻浅埋滴灌栽培技术研究

Study on Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation Cultivation Technique of Upland Rice in Eastern Mongolia

蒙东地区水资源丰富,气候条件非常适合优质水稻生长,是内蒙古水稻主产区。但因为地处大兴安岭南麓丘陵地带,适于栽培水稻的平坦地区非常有限。旱作水稻浅埋滴灌栽培技术及水稻生产全程机械化提高了当地水稻种植面积。水稻旱作省去了扣棚、催芽、育秧、泡田、耙地、插秧等环节,降低了作业成本;用水量只需300 m^(3)/667 m^(2)左右,比水稻常规栽培节约用水60%以上。该技术2020—2021年在兴安盟和赤峰市示范推广,产量达500 kg/667 m^(2)左右。且水稻旱作所产稻米品质优、米饭口感香甜,十分畅销,大大提高了种植效益,促进了农民增收。

The eastern part of Inner Mongolia is rich in water resources,the climatic conditions are very suitable for the growth of high-quality rice.It is the main rice producing area in Inner Mongolia.It is located in the foothills of the southern part of Daxing’an Mountains,and the flat area suitable for rice cultivation is very limited.The cultivation technology of shallowburied drip irrigation and the mechanization of rice production in the whole process have improved the rice planting area.As the dry farming of rice eliminated the links of shed fastening,gernination,seeding raising,soaking,harrowing and transplanting,the operation costs is reduced.In addition,the water consumption for dry farming of rice is only about 300 m^(3)/667 m^(2),which could save more than 60%water compared with conventional rice cultivation.Demonstration and promotion in Higgan League and Chifeng City in 2020 and 2021 gained yield of about 500 kg/667 m^(2).In addition,dry farming of rice has excellent rice quality and sweet rice taste,which is very popular,greatly improving the planting efficiency and farmers’income.