基于最小二乘法组合赋权-TOPSIS法的采矿方法优选

Optimization of mining method based on least squaresmethod combined with weighting-TOPSIS

合理的采矿方法是实现地下矿山安全高效生产的前提,如何确定最优采矿方法是一个非常复杂的决策性难题。在G1法和熵值法及ATAN函数组合赋权基本理论的基础上,建立了基于最小二乘法组合赋权-TOPSIS法的综合评价模型。以某铁矿为工程背景,根据相关工程实践并结合矿体开采条件,初步确定了3种采矿方法:阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法(方法1)、分层充填采矿法(方法2)、分段空场嗣后充填采矿法(方法3);将经济效益、技术水平和安全保障作为一级层次结构模型,将由经济效益成本、生产技术水平和安全保障条件细分出的12个指标因素作为二级层次结构模型,据此构建采矿方法评价指标体系;采用G1法和熵值法分别计算3种采矿方法的主客观权重,进一步计算出组合主客观权重和相对贴近度,结果表明:3种采矿方法的相对贴近度分别为0.458 1、0.826 6和0.369 5,根据相对贴近度越大方案越优的原则,确定方法2即分层充填采矿法为该矿的最优采矿方法。现场工业试验结果表明,分层充填采矿法工艺简单且能保证回采安全,既降低了采场的损失贫化,又能实现生产目标,验证了该优选模型的合理性和可行性。

A proper mining method is the premise to achieve safe and efficient operation in underground mines.How to determine the optimal mining method is a complex decision-making subject.Based on the fundamental theory of combination weighting with G1 method,entropy method and ATAN function,an integrated evaluation model based on least squares method combined with weighting-TOPSIS was established.Taking an iron mine as the engineering case,according to the relevant project practices in consideration of the mining conditions of the ore body,three mining approaches were preliminarily selected:staged open stoping&subsequent filling mining(method No.1),cut-and-fill stoping(method No.2),and sublevel open stoping&subsequent filling mining(method No.3).The economic performance,technical level and safety assurance were involved in the primary hierarchical structure model,while the 12 factors as breakdown from the costs for economic results,technical operating level and safety conditions were contained in the secondary hierarchical structure model,on which the mining method evaluation system can be constructed.The subjective and objective weights of three mining methods were calculated by using G1 method and entropy method respectively.Then the combined weights and relative proximity can be obtained.As the relative proximity of three mining methods were determined to be 0.4581,0.8266 and 0.3695,the cut-and-fill stoping(method No.2)with maximum proximity was selected as the optimal mining method.The on-site pilot plant study show that the method No.2 presented simple mining process and safe stoping,its application made it possible for reduction of ore loss and dilution,achieving production targets and also has verified the rationality and practicability of the model.