论唐传奇微观地理空间叙事

The Micro-geographical Spatial Narrative of Tang Legends

微观地理空间是由标示里坊街巷等较小范围的地名建构的地理空间。本文重点关注古代小说中的一种独特的叙事技巧——微观地理空间叙事,对其在唐传奇中的相关例证做了重点解读,进而总结出这一技巧的基本功能,分析了其在小说史上的渊源与成因,并且梳理了其在宋元小说中的演变,在此基础上指出:唐传奇中微观地理空间的基本功能是以其真实的地理方位增强小说的真实感,部分作品中运用的微观地理空间链则承担了推动情节发展和增强叙事合理性的双重功能;唐传奇微观地理空间链叙事,可能与文本写定前的口述需要、作者本人的长安空间经验以及“长安想象”这三个因素有密切关系。由于作者与读者不再具备同城化的空间默契,宋元传奇小说中的微观地理空间呈现式微之态;反之,由于“说——听”环节上的同城性,宋元话本小说中继续运用微观地理空间叙事。

Micro-geographical space is a geographic space constructed from smaller-scale place names such as streets and lanes.This paper focuses on a unique narrative technique in ancient novels—micro-geospatial narrative,and interprets its relevant examples in Tang legends,then summarizes the basic function of this technique,and analyzes its use in the history of novels.The research found that the basic function of micro-geographical space in Tang legends is to enhance the sense of authenticity of the novel with its true geographical orientation,and some works use the micro-geographic space chain undertakes the dual functions of promoting the development of the plot and enhancing the rationality of the narrative.The narrative of the micro-geographical space chain of Tang legend may be closely related to three factors.The oral need before the text is written,the author's own Chang'an space experience,and"Chang'an imagination".Since the author and the reader no longer have the spatial tacit understanding of the same city,the micro-geographical space in the legendary novels of the Song and Yuan Dynasties is in a state of decline.On the contrary,because the two links of"speaking and listening"are of the same city,the vernacular huaben stories of Song and Yuan continue to use micro-geographical space narrative.