袁宏道对扬雄“丽则”赋论的继承与发展

Yuan Hongdao's Inheritance and Development of Yang Xiong's“Li Ze”Fu Theory

西汉扬雄首次提出了“丽则”赋论,“丽”指文辞的华美和内容的宏大丰富,“则”是扬雄晚年受到经学影响而对赋体过“丽”倾向的反思,扬雄的这一理论成为后世赋文体创作和批评的主要标准。袁宏道辑、王三馀补编而成的《精镌古今丽赋》以“丽则”为选赋标准,但由于受到明末文学思潮的影响,因此其“丽则”赋论不仅扩大了赋体的表现范围,还对赋体的语言文字形式做出规定,并且袁宏道将真、趣、韵等概念引入“丽则”赋论,带有其“性灵”文学的印记。

In the Western Han Dynasty,Yang Xiong first put forward“Li Ze”fu theory in which“Li”refers to the beauty of the prose and the grandness and richness of the content.“Ze”is Yang Xiong's reflection on the“Li”tendency of fu in his later years due to the influence of Confucian classics.This theory has become the main standard of creation and criticism of fu.The Ancient and Modern Elegant fu,supplemented by Yuan Hongdao and Wang Sanyu,took“Li Ze”as the standard of fu’s selection.However,in the late Ming,due to the influence of literary thought trend Dynasty,Yuan Hongdao’s“Li Ze”fu theory was innovated on the basis of Yang Xiong’s,which not only expanded the scope of expression of fu,but also stipulated the language and text form of fu.Yuan Hongdao also introduced the concepts of truth,interest,and rhyme into“Li Ze”fu theory,with the imprint of his“intelligent nature”literature.