劳动力流动、收入差距与城乡居民相对贫困

LaborMobility,Income Gap and Relative Poverty of Urban and Rural Residents

基于乡村振兴与城乡融合战略背景,本文利用中国家庭追踪调查项目微观数据,构建Logit模型,考察劳动力流动、收入差距与城乡居民相对贫困之间的关系。研究表明:农村劳动力流动对农户相对贫困具有显著减贫效应,城镇劳动力流动会提升城镇居民发生相对贫困的可能性;农村劳动力流动会缓解农村地区收入差距,城镇劳动力流动会加剧城镇地区收入差距;在收入差距相对合理与收入差距较大时,农村劳动力流动对农户相对贫困分别起到“加剧”与“缓解”的作用,而城镇劳动力流动在不同收入差距状况下均会“加剧”居民相对贫困状况;收入差距在劳动力流动影响居民相对贫困过程中起到调节作用,其缩小会达到减贫效果。

Based on the strategic background of rural revitalization and urban-rural integration,this paper uses the micro data of China Family Panel Studies to construct a Logit model to examine the relationship between labor mobility,income gap and relative poverty of urban and rural residents..The research shows that rural labor mobility has a significant effect on reducing the relative poverty of farmers,and urban labor mobility will increase the possibility of relative poverty of urban residents.Rural labor mobility will alleviate the income gap in rural areas,and urban labor mobility will aggravate the income gap in urban areas;When the income gap is relatively reasonable and the income gap is large and wide,the rural labor mobility plays a role of“aggravating”and“alleviating”the relative poverty of farmers respectively.However,the urban labor mobility will“aggravate”the relative poverty of residents under different income gaps;Income gap plays a moderating role in the process of labor mobility affecting residents’relative poverty,and its narrowing will achieve the effect of poverty reduction.