烧伤患者静脉血栓栓塞症的研究进展

Research advances on venous thromboembolism in burn patients

静脉血栓栓塞症发病率高、致死率高、易漏诊误诊,已成为全球医务人员面临的严峻医疗问题。严重烧伤患者由于存在血液高凝状态、中心静脉置管、反复接受外科手术、长时间卧床等因素,是发生静脉血栓栓塞症的高风险人群。识别烧伤患者发生静脉血栓栓塞症的风险因素并有针对性地采取预防措施,是降低静脉血栓栓塞症发病率的关键,然而国内外还没有针对烧伤患者的静脉血栓风险评估工具和预防指南,各国学者仍在积极探索烧伤患者静脉血栓栓塞症的发生情况、影响因素和预防。该文就近年来烧伤患者发生静脉血栓栓塞症的现状、相关风险因素、风险评估和预防的研究进展进行综述,对该领域现存的问题和未来研究方向进行探讨。

Venous thromboembolism(VTE)has become a serious medical problem faced by medical personnel all over the world,due to its high incidence,high fatality,and easily missed and misdiagnosed.Patients with severe burns are at high risk for VTE due to the presence of blood hypercoagulability,central venous catheterization,repeatedly received surgical procedures,and prolonged bed rest.Identifying the risk factors of VTE in burn patients and taking targeted preventive measures are the key to reduce the incidence of VTE.However,there are no risk assessment tools or prevention guidelines for VTE in burn patients at home and abroad,and scholars from various countries are actively exploring the occurrence,influencing factors,and prevention of VTE in burn patients.This paper reviews the research progress of the occurrence situation,related risk factors,risk assessment,and prevention of VTE in burn patients in recent years,and discusses the existing problems and future research directions in this field.