3种柳树花粉最适贮藏温度及离体培养基研究

Study on Suitable Storage Temperature and Culture Medium of Three Species of Willow Pollen

为了解不同柳树品种花粉贮藏的适宜条件及最适离体培养基,以粉枝柳、黄花柳、旱柳3种柳树花粉为试验材料,采集新鲜花粉进行离体培养,以筛选适宜培养基,并将花粉分别置于室温20~25、4、-5、-20℃条件下干燥贮藏后,通过测定花粉萌发率,筛选适宜的贮藏条件。结果显示:粉枝柳和旱柳花粉在100 g/L蔗糖+100 mg/L硼酸的培养基中萌发情况较好,黄花柳则在50 g/L蔗糖+100 mg/L硼酸中萌发率较高。随着贮藏时间的延长,贮藏温度越低,3种柳树花粉贮藏效果越好。在-20℃干燥情况下,3种柳树花粉贮藏60 d后仍可保持较高的萌发率,萌发率分别为粉枝柳42.6%,旱柳39.5%,黄花柳29.5%;而室温条件下贮藏12~15 d基本丧失活力。

The fresh pollens were collected to filter the suitable in vitro culture condition from three kinds of willows which were used as the experiment material.Fresh pollens were collected for in vitro culture to screen the appropriate medium,and the pollens were dried at room temperature 20-25,4,-5,-20℃respectively,and then the appropriate storage conditions were selected by measuring the pollen germination rate.The results showed that pollen of Salix rorida and Salix matsudana germinated better in the medium of 100 g/L sucrose+100 mg/L boric acid,while that of Salix citrosa germinated higher in the medium of 50 g/L sucrose+100 mg/L boric acid.With the prolongation of storage time,the lower the storage temperature of the three willow species,the better the pollen storage effect.Under the dry condition of-20℃,the pollen of the three willow species could still maintain a high germination rate after 60 days of storage.The germination rates were 42.6%for Salix rorida,39.5%for Salix matsudana,and 29.5%for Salix caprea;However,after 12-15 days storage at room temperature,the vitality of the cells almost completely lost.