我国转基因玉米大豆应用抗性治理策略

Application of Resistance Management Strategies in Genetically Modified Maize and Soybean in China

为有序推进我国生物育种产业,保障转基因玉米大豆产业化安全、可持续实施,需建立科学的抗性治理策略,延缓靶标害虫和杂草抗性产生。查阅大量国内外相关靶标害虫和杂草抗性进化研究的文献,总结国际转基因玉米大豆抗性治理的经验教训,并分析我国转基因抗虫棉的相关实践,立足我国当今靶标害虫与杂草实际情况,进行分析讨论。依据玉米种植区域特点及虫情发生规律进行区域划分,并确定各区域推荐的转基因抗虫玉米基因类型和配套庇护所策略,提出适合我国现阶段产业特点的转基因玉米大豆抗性治理策略。在靶标害虫抗性治理方面,应根据我国玉米主产区的靶标害虫发生及迁移扩散为害规律,遵循整体布局、源头治理的原则,在转化体研发、品种审定等环节加强虫源和种源控制;同时,建议因地制宜,采取“一区一类基因一策”的害虫抗性治理措施。在田间杂草抗性治理方面,建议配合轮换使用不同抗性机理的转化体和不同作用机理的除草剂。

To promote the biological breeding industry and ensure the safety and sustainable implementation of the transgenic maize and soybean industrialization in China,it is necessary to establish a scientific resistance management strategy to delay the emergence of resistance to target pests and weeds.This study reviewed a large number of domestic and foreign literature on the evolution of resistance to target pests and weeds,summarized the experience and lessons of resistance management of genetically modified maize and soybean in the world,and analyzed the relevant practices of genetically modified insect-resistant cotton,also based on the actual situation of target pests and weeds in China.According to the characteristics of corn planting areas and the occurrence law of pests,the regions are divided,and the gene types and supporting shelter strategies of transgenic insect resistant corn recommended in each region are determined.In this study,the management strategy of resistance of genetically modified maize and soybean was put forward.In terms of pest resistance management,pest source and provenance control should be strengthened in transformation research and development and variety certification according to the occurrence,migration and diffusion of target pests in main maize producing areas in China,and the principle of overall layout and source control.At the same time,it is suggested to adopt the pest resistance management measures of“one area,one class of genes,one policy”according to local conditions.In the field weed resistance control,it is suggested to use transformants with different resistance mechanisms and herbicides with different action mechanisms in rotation.