VS1型真空断路器合闸弹跳优化方案探析

Optimization Scheme of Closing Bouncing for VS1 Vacuum Circuit Breaker

当前真空断路器广泛应用于中压领域,操动机构是决定断路器性能的关键部件之一,与电磁操动机构和永磁操动机构相比,弹簧操动机构由于采用小功率交流电机为合闸弹簧储能而使机构动作不受电源影响,更加稳定,并且掉电后仍能操作一次,同时在分闸时由于参与动作部件少,因而分闸弹簧能实现较好的分闸特性等特点而使用更为广泛。文中的目标是针对目前中国广泛使用的VS1型户内真空断路器,通过运用Adams对VS1型真空断路器的弹簧操动机构进行动力学分析,并结合样机的机械特性实验结果,找出影响VS1型真空断路器合闸弹跳的因素,并提出优化建议。仿真分析和实验测量发现合闸过程之后出现的弹跳问题是由于凸轮机构的配合不当引起。为此针对凸轮机构提出了优化建议,即可以通过修改凸轮轮廓尺寸和提高分闸掣子限位平面来实现减少弹跳,达到提高VS1型真空断路器的合闸可靠性的目的。

Nowadays vacuum circuit breakers are used widely in medium voltage distribution system.Operating mechanism is a key component determining the performance of circuit breakers.The spring operating mechanism,compared with electromagnetic and permanent magnetic operating mechanism,is more widely used due to not only the operating mechanism is free from the power supply because of using small power AC motor to charge the closing spring,more stable and additional operation for one time after power off,but also achievement of better opening characteristic of the spring with less parts in the opening operation.The aim of this paper is,in view of type VS1 indoor vacuum circuit breaker which is used widely in China and through mechanical analysis of the spring operating mechanism for type VS1 vacuum circuit breaker by the use of Adams as well as in combination with the experimental result of mechanical characteristic of the prototype,to find out the factors influencing closing bouncing of VS1 vacuum circuit breakers and propose optimization suggestions.It is found by simulation analysis and experimental measurement that the bouncing after the closed process is due to misfitting of cam mechanism.For the cam mechanism,such optimization suggestions as reduction of bouncing by way of modifying profile size of the cam and increasing the limiting plane of the opening detent,thus improving the closing reliability of type VS1 vacuum circuit breaker.