不同类型富营养化微型水体藻华暴发期微生物群落结构变化分析

Analysis on the microbial community structure during the outbreak of algal bloom in different kinds of eutrophic micro water bodies

与藻华有关的微生物群落对水体中的氮、磷循环起着关键性的作用,了解富营养化水体中细菌和藻类演替的驱动因素以及规律对预防藻类暴发和控制水体污染具有重要意义.本研究以岩口水库上游点源污染和面源污染池塘为研究对象,分析了藻华暴发期水质参数之间的相关性,并采用16S和23S测序分析了不同微型水体中细菌和藻类的群落结构组成特征,对细菌和藻类群落结构与水质参数之间的偶联关系进行了分析.相关性分析表明,不同微型水体中的叶绿素a浓度与其他水质参数之间的相关性并不明显;高通量测序结果表明,变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门均为不同微型水体中相对丰度较大的细菌门类;蓝藻和硅藻是点源污染池塘中的相对丰度较大的优势藻类,而蓝藻和裸藻是面源污染池塘中的相对丰度较大的优势藻类.冗余分析结果表明,总磷、高锰酸盐指数和不同形态氮浓度是影响点源污染池塘中菌藻群落结构的主要因素;高锰酸盐指数和不同形态氮磷浓度是影响面源污染池塘中菌藻群落结构的主要因素.本研究对富营养化微型水体藻华暴发期细菌和藻类的群落结构变化及其主要驱动因素进行了探究,可为富营养化微型水体的藻华控制以及污染治理提供科学依据.

Microbial communities related to algal blooms play a key role in the cycle of nitrogen and phosphorus in water.Understanding the driving factors and the succession of bacteria and algae in eutrophic water is of great significance to prevent algae outbreaks and control water pollution.In this study,taking the point source pollution and non-point source pollution ponds in the upper reaches of Yankou Reservoir as the research object,the correlation between water environment parameters during the algal bloom outbreak was analyzed.The community structure characteristics of bacteria and algae in different micro water bodies were analyzed by 16S and 23S high-throughput sequencing,and the coupling relationship between microbial community structure and water environmental factors was analyzed.Correlation analysis results showed that there was no correlation between chlorophyll a concentration in different kinds of polluted ponds and other water quality parameters.The results of high throughput sequencing showed that Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota were relatively abundant in different micro water bodies.Cyanobacteria and Bacillariophyta are relatively abundant algae in point source pollution ponds,while Cyanobacteria and Euglenozoa are relatively abundant in non-point source pollution ponds.The results of redundancy analysis showed that total phosphorus,permanganate index and different concentrations of nitrogen were the main factors affecting the community structure of bacteria and algae in point source polluted ponds,while permanganate index and different concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were the main factors affecting the community structure of bacteria and algae in non-point source polluted ponds.In this study,the community structure changes and main driving factors of bacteria and algae in eutrophic micro water bodies during algal bloom outbreak were investigated,which would provide a scientific basis for algal bloom control and pollution control of eutrophic micro water bodies.