白洋淀湿地水生植物群落功能性状和功能多样性分析

Functional Traits and Functional Diversity of Aquatic Plant Communities in Baiyangdian Wetland

利用物种重要值将在白洋淀湿地调查的30个2 m×2 m水生植物样方划分为4种群落类型。选取比叶面积、叶绿素含量、叶干物质含量、植物氮含量、植物磷含量、植物钾含量6个植物功能性状,利用Pearson相关分析植物功能性状之间的相互关系,利用单因素方差分析比较不同水生植物群落类型群落水平功能性状均值和功能多样性指数的差异。结果显示:(1)除植物钾含量外,大多数功能性状间表现出了显著的正相关或负相关关系。(2)群落水平上,香蒲群落植物氮含量和磷含量最低,然而,比叶面积和叶绿素含量显著高于其他3种水生植物群落,芦苇群落叶干物质含量显著高于其他3种水生植物群落。(3)香蒲群落功能均匀度显著低于其他3种水生植物群落,功能离散度和Rao’s二次熵均表现为芦苇群落和香蒲群落较高,篦齿眼子菜群落显著低于其他3种水生植物群落。研究结果表明白洋淀水生植物群落功能性状间存在内在联系和权衡关系,功能多样性差异体现了不同群落可能受不同生态过程影响,资源利用率差异明显。

In this study,30 plant community plots(with a size of 2 m×2 m)of Baiyangdian wetland were divided into 4 community types basing on the importance value of species within each plots.Six plant functional traits including specific leaf area(SLA),chlorophyll content(CC),leaf dry matter content(LDMC)plant nitrogen content(NC),plant phosphorus content(PC)and plant potassium content(KC)of aquatic plant functional traits in Baiyangdian wetland were measured.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between plant functional traits,and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of community-weighted mean(CWM)of functional traits and functional diversity indices of different aquatic plant community types.The results showed that most of functional traits were significantly positive or negative correlation except PC.At the community level,CWM_NC and CWM_PC of Typha orientalis community was the lowest,but CWM_SLA and CWM_CC were significantly higher than those of the other three aquatic plant communities.CWM_LDMC of Phragmites australis community was significantly higher than those of the other three aquatic plant communities.The functional evenness of Typha orientalis community was the significantly lower than those of the other three aquatic plant communities.The functional dispersion and Rao’s quadratic entropy was the higher for Phragmites australis community and Typha orientalis community,and Potamogeton pectinatus community was significantly lower than those of the other three aquatic plant communities.The results suggested that there were internal relationships and trade-off among functional traits of aquatic plant community in Baiyangdian wetland.The difference of functional diversity reflects that different communities may be affected by different ecological processes,and the difference of resource utilization is obvious.