莲沱段航道北斗+GPS表面流速流向观测

Surface Current Velocity and Direction Observation in Liantuo Channel by BDS+GPS

表面流速流向观测是航道水文测量中一项重要的内容,对于外业采集的精度、时机、环境等方面均有较苛刻的要求。目前主要采用GPS RTK或网络RTK直接测量的方法,但GPS在峡谷河段上空卫星数量有限,冗余不足,易丢失数据,影响定位服务的持续性。根据莲沱段航道特点,采用双模GNSS接收机,同时接收北斗和GPS系统的卫星信号,再利用网络RTK进行表面流速流向观测。该方法克服了现有航道表面流速流向测量技术短板,解决了传统GPS在三峡—葛洲坝两坝间水域峡谷河段数据易丢失等问题,提高了航道水文条件观测成果的质量、精度和效率,保障了高精度位置应用安全,能满足通航发展需要,也为山区峡谷河段表面流速流向观测提供了参考。

The observation of surface current velocity and direction is an important part of waterway hydrological measurement,which has strict requirements for the accuracy,timing and environment of field acquisition.At present,GPS RTK or network RTK is mainly used to measure directly,but the number of GPS satellites over the canyon reaches is limited,and the redundancy is insufficient,which is easy to lose data and affects the continuity of positioning services.In this paper,according to the characteristics of Liantuo channel,we used the dual-mode GNSS receiver to receive the satellite signals of BDS and GPS,and used the network RTK to observe the surface current velocity and direction.This method can overcome the shortcomings of existing channel surface current velocity and direction measurement technology,solve the problem that the traditional GPS data is easy to lose in the canyon section between the Three Gorges and Gezhou Dam,improve the quality,accuracy and efficiency of channel hydrological condition observation results,ensure the safety of high accuracy position application,which can meet the needs of navigation development and provide reference for the surface current velocity and direction observation in mountainous gorge reach.