国土空间规划体系研究:理论认知与实践向度

Research on Spatial Planning System: Theoretical Cognition and Practical Dimension

以高水平国土空间规划体系推进国土空间治理现代化,日益成为当前经济社会发展全面绿色转型的现实要求。综合运用文献研究、归纳演绎和理论分析法,系统梳理空间规划的思想缘起,对比国际上规划实践探索,揭示中国国土空间规划体系变迁历程,并明晰其基础理论与内涵,进而基于新制度主义理论探析国土空间规划体系改革的实践方向。结果表明,空间规划内涵呈现“管理手段—指导理论—宏观制度”演进态势,中国国土空间规划体系发展过程形成“初创期—发展期—转型期—重塑期”格局;生态基点、利益中点、协调节点是统筹规划内涵与演化机制的基础;编制模式初步形成“基本理论与实践基础—理论框架与规划目标—空间分类与分区管控—生态修复与重点建设—规划实施与监督—成果与技术要求”的逻辑进路。未来时期,应从法律法规、体制机制、技术平台、经济社会服务和监督管理等层面,为国土空间规划编制实施保障体系夯基筑台和立柱架梁。

Promoting the modernization of territory land governance with a high-level spatial planning system has increasingly become a realistic requirement for the comprehensive green transformation of current economic and social development. This paper comprehensively uses the methods of literature research, induction and deduction, and theoretical analysis, systematically combs the ideological origin of spatial planning, compares the international planning practice and exploration, and reveals the evolution of China′s spatial planning system. It clarifies the basic theory and connotation of spatial planning system, and then explores the practical direction of its reform based on the new institutionalism theory. The research shows that the connotation of spatial planning presents the evolution trend of "management means-guiding theory-macro system", and the development process of China′s spatial planning system forms a pattern of "initial period-development period-transformation period-reconstruction period". Ecological base point, interest midpoint and coordination node are the basis of the connotation and evolution mechanism of the overall spatial planning system. The planning model has initially formed the logical route of "basic theory and practical basis-theoretical framework and planning objectives-spatial classification and zone control-ecological restoration and key construction-planning implementation and supervision-achievements and technical requirements". In the future, the security system of spatial planning should be strengthened in terms of laws and regulations, institutional mechanisms, technological platforms, economic and social services, supervision and management.