黄河故道流域景观多功能测度及时空演变

Assessment and Spatial-temporal Analysis of Landscape Multifunction in the Ancient Yellow River Basin

厘清黄河故道流域景观多功能特征及时空演变,对山水田林湖草综合整治功能提升和国土空间协同优化至关重要。选取黄河故道(睢宁段)作为研究区,评估了初级生产、人居承载、游憩服务、碳固存、产水、水质净化、土壤保持和生境维持8项景观功能,探索1990—2020年该区景观多功能变化及权衡-协同关系。结果表明:(1)近30年研究区从以农业生产为主转变为兼顾生产、生活和生态的土地利用模式;(2)近30年景观多功能服务增长21.07%,其中,初级生产、人居承载和游憩服务等生产和生活景观功能呈持续增长,而碳固存、产水、水质净化、土壤保持和生境维持功能则呈波动式上升;(3)人居承载-产水、人居承载-土壤保持及碳固存-生境维持功能在空间上存在显著协同关系,而人居承载-碳固存、人居承载-生境维持、碳固存-产水、产水-生境维持及水质净化-土壤保持等功能存在显著权衡关系。初级生产-游憩服务、初级生产-产水及初级生产-生境维持则逐渐从权衡关系演变为协同关系。这表明综合整治对黄河故道流域景观多功能具有显著的正向效应,生产-生活-生态功能协同是未来区域景观适应性和可持续性提升的有效途径。

Clarifying the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape multifunctional characteristics in the Ancient Yellow River Basin is crucial to the improvement of the function of comprehensive improvement of mountains,water,fields,forests,lakes and grasses and the synergistic optimization of national land space.In order to explore the changes of landscape multifunctionality and trade-off-synergy relationship in the Ancient Yellow River(Suining section)from 1990 to 2020,eight landscape functions were evaluated,including primary production,habitat carrying,recreation service,carbon sequestration,water production,water purification,soil conservation and habitat maintenance.The results show that:(1)The function of the study area has changed from agricultural production to a mixed land use pattern that takes into account production,living and ecology in the past 30 years;(2)The landscape multifunctionality has increased by 21.07%in the past 30 years,among which the production and living landscape functions such as primary production,habitat-bearing and recreation services have been increasing continuously,while the carbon sequestration,water production,water purification,soil conservation and habitat maintenance functions have been increasing in a fluctuating manner;(3)Significant synergistic relationships have been observed between the functions of habitat-bearing and of water production,habitat-bearing and soil conservation,as well as carbon sequestration-habitat maintenance,while the functions between habitat-bearing and carbon sequestration,habitat-bearing and habitat maintenance,carbon sequestration and water production,water production and habitat maintenance,and water purification and soil conservation have been dominated by significant trade-off relationships.The relationships between primary production and recreation services,primary production and water production,and primary production and habitat maintenance have gradually evolved from trade-offs to synergy.This indicates that the comprehensive remediation exerts a significant positive effect on the landscape multifunction of the Ancient Yellow River Basin,and the synergy of production-life-ecology functions is an effective way to improve the adaptability and sustainability of the regional landscape in the future.