不同土地利用方式土壤肥力调查与评价:以浙江省建德市葛塘村为例

Investigation and Evaluation of Soil Fertility under Different Land-use Patterns:A Case Study of Getang Village,Jiande City,Zhejiang Province

以浙江省建德市葛塘村水田、旱地、茶园和果园土壤为研究对象,分析不同土地利用方式土壤养分指标及重金属含量,评估其土壤综合肥力指数和重金属污染风险,为当地有机农业生产与农村生态环境保护示范村建设提供参考依据。结果表明:研究区土壤pH呈微酸性,土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮和有效磷含量处于中等或较丰富水平,而速效钾含量则处于缺乏水平。土地利用方式对土壤肥力产生显著影响。茶园土壤pH显著低于其他土地利用方式土壤;旱地土壤有机质和全氮含量处于较缺乏水平,显著低于其他土地利用方式土壤;果园土壤有效磷和速效钾含量显著高于其他土地利用方式土壤。研究区果园土壤综合肥力指数为0.55,显著高于其他3种土地利用方式,水田次之,处于中等水平,茶园和旱地则均处于差水平。不同土地利用方式土壤速效钾含量均是土壤肥力的主要限制因子。研究区土壤重金属含量均低于农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,处于未污染状态。

In this study,paddy field,dry land,tea garden,and orchard were selected in Getang Village,Jiande City of Zhejiang Province,to investigate the soil nutrient index and heavy metal concentrations under these four different land-use patterns.Their integrated fertility index and heavy metal pollution risk were further evaluated to provide a reference for the construction of organic food production and rural ecological environment protection demonstration villages.The results show that the soil pH in the research area was slightly acidic,and the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,and available phosphorus contents were at moderate or relatively abundant levels,while the available potassium content was at a deficient level.The soil fertility was significantly influenced by land-use patterns.The pH of tea garden soil was significantly lower than those of other land-use patterns;the organic matter and total nitrogen contents in the dryland soil were significantly lower than those of other land-use patterns;while the available phosphorus and available potassium contents in the orchard soil were significantly higher than those of other land-use patterns.The comprehensive soil fertility index of the orchard was 0.55,which is significantly higher than those of the other three land-use patterns.The comprehensive soil fertility index of the paddy field was at a moderate level,and those for the tea garden and dry land were at a poor level.Under different land-use patterns,the available potassium content was the main limiting factor for soil fertility in Getang Village.Additionally,the soil heavy metal concentrations under different land-use patterns in the research area were all lower than the soil pollution risk screening values for agricultural land,which indicates that it was uncontaminated by heavy metals.