五轴电火花机床加工空间斜孔的电极定位参数研究

Study on Electrode Positioning Parameters of Spatial Inclined Hole in 5-axis EDM Processing

空间斜孔的加工实质上是电火花机床电极沿孔的轴线的运动。对于由3个坐标轴旋转变换得到的空间斜孔,可通过五轴电火花机床沿3个坐标轴方向上的平移运动和绕两个坐标轴方向的旋转运动,使机床电极轴线与空间斜孔轴线重合,为此需要求解加工空间斜孔的电极定位参数。分析了通过坐标系旋转平移变换得到空间斜孔轴线的过程。根据空间斜孔的空间角度和几何参数求解空间斜孔轴线矢量的坐标变换矩阵,以建立空间斜孔轴线的矢量模型。得到了五轴数控电火花机床加工空间斜孔的电极摆角和电极定位坐标,使电极轴线与空间斜孔轴线重合。并制作了根据空间斜孔几何参数自动求解数控电火花机床的电极摆角和电极坐标的计算软件。

The machining of spatial inclined holes is essentially the movement of the electrode of Electrical discharge machining(EDM)along the axis of the hole.For the spatial inclined holes obtained by rotating around three coordinate axes,the electrode axis of the machine tool can be coincided with the axis of the spatial inclined hole by the translation along the three axis and the rotation around the two axis of the 5-axis EDM machine tool.In order to obtain the swinging angle and coordinates of the electrode,the process of obtaining the axis of space oblique hole by coordinate rotation-translation transformation was analyzed.According to the spacial angle and geometric parameters of the spacial inclined hole,the coordinate transformation matrixs of the spacial inclined holes were solved and the vector models of axes of spacial inclined holes were established.The swinging angle and coordinates of the electrode of 5-axis CNC(Computer numerical Control)EDM were obtained to make the axis of electrode on the line of the axis of the spacial inclined hole.According to the geometrical parameters of the spacial inclined hole,a software was developed to calculate the swinging angle and electrode coordinates.