大理白族民居彩绘图案的文化特征与传承发展

Research on the Cultural Characteristics and Heritage Development of Painted Patterns of Bai Folk Houses

大理白族民居彩绘是我国于2008年认定的第二批美术类国家级非物质文化遗产。通过对大理白族民居彩绘图案中我国传统哲思文化内容的分析与梳理,以白族民居彩绘的不同题材类型为基础,分析了图案彩绘与文字彩绘的文化特征,得出了白族民居彩绘具有使用“观物取象”与“象其物宜”图案提取方式的图案彩绘,以及具有“尚志有为”与“自强不息”哲思文化内容的文字彩绘。大理白族民居彩绘是大理白族地区具有典型性、标志性与特殊性的文化符号。从文化哲思观的视角展开对白族民居彩绘文化的研究,可以更为深入地解析白族民居彩绘在图案元素选取、组合、应用方面的哲思寓意,从而为白族民居彩绘文化的深入理解、接续研究与文化创意产品的创新开发提供有价值的参考。

Dali Bai Folk House Painting is the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage in the fine arts category,recognized by China in 2008.Through the analysis of the traditional philosophical and cultural contents in the painted patterns of Bai dwellings,the cultural aspects of Bai dwellings were analyzed and clarified.Based on the different types of Bai folk house painting,the cultural characteristics of pattern painting and text painting were analyzed.It is concluded that the Bai folk paintings are characterized by the use of the motifs of“viewing the objects and taking their images”and“the appropriate images to the objects”,as well as by the motifs of“being ambitious”and“being strong”.The Dali Bai house painting is a typical,iconic and special cultural symbol of the Dali Bai region.The study of Bai folk painting culture from a philosophical perspective will provide a deeper analysis of the philosophical meaning of Bai folk painting in the selection,combination,and application of motif elements.It will provide a valuable reference for the in-depth understanding,successive research,and innovative development of cultural creative products of the Bai folk painting culture.