疫情影响下大学生就业的内卷化及其破解策略

College Students'Employment Internalization under the Epidemic Situation and Its Cracking Strategy

新冠疫情背景下的社会需求与人才供给匹配度较低,大学生就业难不仅是学校工作的重点和难点,同时也是由多种成分构成的现象级社会问题。透视教育价值取向游离、就业机会缩减、大学生就业焦虑、应届生“慢就业”等大学生就业内卷的外部表象,可知其成因主要包括高等教育的社会流动功能驱使下形成的就业内卷、大学生就业思维局限下产生的就业依赖、社会层面就业结构矛盾突出等方面。缓解大学生就业内卷化的趋势,需要大学生增强个人综合能力、明确就业目标,高校积极开展相关教学、培训等活动推动校企合作,优化社会层面就业环境,形成大学生、高校、社会三方解决就业问题的合力,促进内在因素的变革,切实推动大学生的顺利就业与发展。

In the context of Covid-19 epidemic prevention and control,the matching degree between social demand and talent supply is low,and the difficulty of college students’employment is not only the focus and difficulty of school work,but also a phenomenon social problem composed of various components.Through the external appearances of the inner scroll of college students’employment,such as the drifting of educational value orientation,the reduction of employment opportunities,the employment anxiety of college students,and the“slow employment”of fresh graduates,we can see that its causes mainly include the inner scroll of employment driven by the social mobility function of higher education,the employment dependence caused by the limited employment thinking of college students,and the prominent contradiction of the employment structure at the social level.To alleviate the trend of internal involvement in college students’employment,it is necessary for college students to enhance their individual comprehensive ability and clarify their employment goals.Colleges and universities should actively carry out relevant teaching and training activities to promote school-enterprise cooperation,optimize the employment environment at the social level,form the joint force of college students,colleges and society to solve the employment problem,promote the reform of internal factors,and promote the smooth employment and development of college students.