事件与文学

Event and Literature

在当代西方哲学家和文学理论家的思想中,“事件”这一概念得以明确凸显。虽然马丁·海德格尔、雅克·德里达、阿兰·巴迪欧、汉娜·阿伦特、吉尔·德勒兹等哲学家关于“事件”的理解各有不同,但均强调事件的不同寻常性、断裂性、偶发性和独异性等特征。本文首先介绍了这几位哲学家对“事件”的理论阐述,然后探讨了德里克·阿特里奇和特里·伊格尔顿等文学理论家如何通过将这一概念引入文学批评,对后现代文论的消极影响进行反拨,发展出不同的“事件”文学理论,以重新思考道德和伦理、知识和真理等宏大问题,以及文学的意义、功能和价值。

The concept of“event”stands out among the thoughts of contemporary Western Philosophers and literary theorists.Although such philosophers as Martin Heidegger,Jacques Derrida,Alain Badiou,Hannah Arendt,Gilles Deleuze and others have different understandings of this concept,they all attach importance to its unusual,disruptive,coincidental and singular nature.After introducing their respective theoretical formulations of“event”,this article explores how such literary theorists as Derek Attridge and Terry Eagleton counteract the negative effects of postmodernism and develop their respective theories of“event”literature by introducing the concept of“event”into literary criticism,so as to reconsider such grand issues as morality and ethics,knowledge and truth,etc.,as well as the significance,function and value of literature.