450m超长工作面矿压显现与地表移动变形规律研究

Mine pressure behavior and surface movement and deformation law of 450m super-long working face

基于国内首个年产千万吨450m超长智能化开采工作面,采用实测手段全面分析了其矿压显现和地表移动变形规律,结果表明:450m超长工作面初次来压步距平均为77.1m,周期来压步距主要分布在5~15m,平均为11.4m;超长工作面周期来压步距小、来压频繁、持续时间短,且工作面沿倾向不同步来压;来压期间,支架工作阻力在工作面中部两侧形成两个高阻力区,沿倾向方向呈现“马鞍”形的双峰状分布特征;450m超长工作面支架工作阻力主要分布在8000~14000kN中等阻力区间,呈现正态分布特征,支架适应性良好。在超长工作面强采动影响下,地表沉降具有影响范围大、下沉速度快等特点,工作面临空侧地表移动范围和沉降幅度均显著大于实体煤侧,地表呈现不对称沉降现象。研究成果可为我国同类超长工作面的顶板管理和开采设计提供借鉴。

Based on the engineering background of the first 450m super-long intelligent mining face with an annual output of 10 million tons in China, the strata behavior and surface movement and deformation law are comprehensively analyzed through field measurement. The results show that the average first weighting interval of the super-long working face is 77.1m, and the periodic weighting interval mainly ranges within 5~15m, with an average of 11.4m. The periodic weighting interval of super long working face is small, the weighting is frequent, the duration is short, and the weighting along the dip of the working face is not synchronous;during the weighting period, the working resistance of the support forms two high resistance areas on both sides of the middle of the working face, showing a saddle-shaped bimodal distribution along the dip. The working resistance of support in the working face is mainly within the medium resistance range of 8000~14000kN, showing normal distribution characteristics and good adaptability of support. Under the intensive mining influence of the super long working face, the surface subsidence has the characteristics of large influence range and fast subsidence speed, and the surface movement range and subsidence amplitude at the goaf side of the working face are significantly greater than those at the solid coal side, so the surface presents an asymmetric subsidence phenomenon.