肠道菌群与高血压及其危险因素研究进展及问题探讨

Intestinal flora and hypertension and the risk factors:research progress and problems discussion

高血压是目前最常见的心血管疾病之一,已成为全球范围内的公共卫生问题。众所周知,维持血压稳态是一个复杂的过程,高血压是一种受多种因素影响的疾病,主要受遗传和环境因素影响。核酸测序揭示肠道菌群所包含的基因是人类基因的100多倍,这些基因产生的激素、神经递质和炎症分子可以进入宿主循环而影响宿主生理变化。目前越来越多的研究表明肠道菌群及其代谢产物能影响机体的代谢、免疫和内环境稳态等,从而在高血压发病机制中起主要作用。因此,通过调节肠道菌群及其代谢产物可作为治疗高血压的新策略。

Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, a worldwide public health problem, and a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. It is well known that the maintenance of blood pressure homeostasis is a complex process, and hypertension is a disease affected by many factors, mainly genetic and environmental factors. Advances in nucleic acid sequencing have revealed that the microbiome contains more than 100 times as many genes as the human genome,which produce hormones, neurotransmitters and inflammatory molecules, these substances can enter the host circulation and affect the physiological changes of the host. At present, more and more studies have shown that intestinal microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by affecting the metabolism, immunity and homeostasis of the body. Therefore, the regulation of intestinal flora and its metabolites can be used as a new strategy for the treatment of hypertension.