广藿香化学诱变植株SRAP遗传特性及质量研究

Genetic Characteristics and Quality of Chemically Mutagenized Plants SRAP of Pogostemon cablin

目的:研究广藿香化学诱变植株的遗传特性和品质差异。方法:以前期经氟乐灵、亚硝酸钠及亚硫酸钠诱变后筛选出的变异植株为材料,对其基因组DNA进行相关序列扩增多态性(SRAP)分析,并测定其主要有效成分含量。结果:10对SRAP引物扩增的总位点数为235个,其位点数为16~29个,而多态位点数为220个,平均多态性百分比达86.96%;广藿香变异植株的遗传相似系数为0.445~0.938,其变异程度大于不同产地种群间的变异程度;当遗传相似系数为0.55时,变异程度较大的植株N1a、N1b、N1c、S4c、S4d、S6c聚为一类,其他与CK聚为另一类。变异植株主要化学成分百秋李醇及广藿香酮含量与CK差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中变异植株F1、F2a、F4a、F4d、F4e、F6e、F8i、N2c、N2d的广藿香酮明显升高,且高于百秋李醇的含量,由“醇型”广藿香转变为“酮型”广藿香;变异植株F4c、F6d、F8j、N1a、N1b、N1c、S3b、S4c、S4d、S6b、S6c的百秋李醇或广藿香酮含量均显著高于CK。结论:化学诱变是广藿香新品种选育的有效途径,可提高其遗传多态性,影响其有效成分的合成和积累;变异植株F1、F2a、F4a、F4b、F4d、F4e、F6e、F8i、F10d、N2c、N2d、N1a、N1b、N1c、S4c、S4d、S6c具有开发潜能,可为后续研究提供材料。

Objective:To study the genetic characteristics and quality differences of chemically mutagenized plants of Pogostemon cablin.Methods:The mutant plants screened by trifluralin,sodium nitrite,and sodium sulfite mutagenesis in the previous stage were used as materials,the sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP)analysis was carried out on their genomic DNA,and the content of its main effective components was determined.Results:The total number of loci amplified by 10 pairs of SRAP primers was 235,ranging from 16 to 29.The number of polymorphic loci was 220,and the average polymorphism percentage was 86.96%.The genetic similarity coefficient of variant plants of P.cablin ranged from 0.445 to 0.938,and the degree of variation was greater than that among populations from different producing areas.When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.55,the plants N1a,N1b,N1c,S4c,S4d,and S6c with a large degree of variation were clustered into one category,and the others and CK were clustered into another category.The content of the main chemical components patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone in the variant plants was significantly different from that in CK(P<0.05).Among them,the content of patchoulenone in the variant plants F1,F2a,F4a,F4d,F4e,F6e,F8i,N2c,and N2d was significantly increased,higher than that of patchouli alcohol,which turned P.cablin from patchouli alcohol-type to patchoulenone-type.The content of patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone in the mutant plants F4c,F6d,F8j,N1a,N1b,N1c,S3b,S4c,S4d,S6b,and S6c was significantly higher than those in CK.Conclusion:Chemical mutagenesis is an effective way of breeding new P.cablin varieties,which can improve its genetic polymorphism and influence the synthesis and accumulation of its effective components.The mutant plants F1,F2a,F4a,F4b,F4d,F4e,F6e,F8i,F10d,N2c,N2d,N1a,N1b,N1c,S4c,S4d,and S6c have development potential and provide materials for subsequent research.