分体式空调办公建筑不同设定温度模式下的人体热适应

Thermal Adaptation of Different Set Temperature Modes in Office Buildings with Split Air Conditioners

以公共建筑设定温度规定(26℃)为界限,按照设定温度的高低分为不同模式。为研究分体式空调办公建筑不同设定温度模式下的人体热适应,本文对郑州市和焦作市的分体式空调办公建筑进行了现场调研,测量了室内外热环境参数和手背皮肤温度,并调查了受试者的热舒适状况。研究发现:长期处于低设定温度模式环境中,会破坏人体对偏热环境的生理适应能力。高设定温度模式下,人们会更积极地通过减少衣着和提高风速的行为来改善热不舒适。由于2种模式拥有类似的热经历和相同的感知控制,因此在相同的标准有效温度范围内,2种模式的热感觉、热可接受度和热舒适并无显著性差异。基于人体热适应分析,寒冷地区分体式空调办公建筑合理提高设定温度可节约34.4%的能源。应继续加强“办公场所夏季制冷温度设置不低于26℃”的政策引导。研究结果可为分体式空调办公建筑的人体热需求和政府节能政策提供理论依据。

Taking the specified set temperature of public buildings(26℃)as the boundary,different modes were divided according to the level of set point temperature.To study the thermal adaptation of different set temperature modes in office buildings with split air conditioners,a field survey was conducted in Zhengzhou and Jiaozuo.The indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and opisthenar skin temperature were measured,and the thermal comfort of subjects was also investigated.The results showed that people’s physiological adaptability to the warm environment would be hindered in the split air-conditioned building environment with the low set temperature mode for long-term exposure.In the high set temperature mode,people were more active in improving their thermal discomfort by reducing clothes and increasing air velocity.Because the two modes have similar thermal history and the same perceptual control,there were no significant differences in thermal sensation,thermal acceptability,and thermal comfort between the two modes in the same standard effective temperature range.Based on human thermal adaptation analysis,in cold area,split air-conditioned office buildings can save 34.4%of energy consumption by reasonably raising the set temperature.Therefore,the government of China should continue to strengthen the policy guidance that“the cooling set temperature of offices in summer should not be lower than 26℃”.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for human thermal demand and the government’s energy-saving policies in split air-conditioned office buildings.