徽州民居自然通风潜力评估

Natural Ventilation Potential Evaluation of Huizhou Traditional Dwellings

徽州传统民居蕴含大量自然通风营造智慧,需要深入发掘和传承。采用平均换气次数差时数和自然通风有效性2个评价指标,从改善空气品质和热舒适2个方面对徽州民居自然通风潜力进行评估。结果表明:风压和热压作用下徽州传统民居的平均换气次数差时数分别为3.7~6.4次·h^(-1)和2.8~4.4次·h^(-1),民居自然通风效果好,具备改善室内空气品质的能力。加强自然通风可以提高民居夏季和过渡季的热舒适潜力,但不利于冬季室内热舒适。天井是徽州传统民居自然通风营造技术的关键,天井的传承与优化设计对皖南地区室内健康环境及建筑节能设计意义重大。

Huizhou traditional dwellings reflect people’s wisdom in natural ventilation construction,and should be explored and inherited.Using two evaluation indexes of average air change per hour difference hours and effectiveness of natural ventilation,the potential of natural ventilation of Huizhou dwellings was evaluated from perspectives of improving air quality and thermal comfort.The results show that:under the effect of wind pressure and heat pressure,the average air change per hour difference hours of Huizhou traditional dwellings is 3.7~6.4 h^(-1)and 2.8~4.4 h^(-1),respectively.Natural ventilation in dwellings has a good effect and the ability to improve indoor air quality.Strengthening natural ventilation can improve the thermal comfort potential of traditional dwellings in summer and transition seasons,but it is not conducive to indoor thermal comfort in winter.The patio is the key to the natural ventilation construction technology of Huizhou traditional dwellings.The inheritance and optimization design of the patio is of great significance to the indoor healthy environment and building energy-saving design in southern Anhui.