《根特祭坛画》的图像与空间

Image and Space in the Ghent Altarpiece

胡伯特·凡·艾克和扬·凡·艾克兄弟创作的《根特祭坛画》是文艺复兴美术史上最伟大的作品之一。本文通过对《根特祭坛画》闭合与打开后不同的画面内容进行考察,结合前代学者的研究成果,分析这件作品的图像学意义。同时对《根特祭坛画》中的空间表现手法进行了剖析,该作并没有采纳同时期在意大利兴起的科学透视法,而是利用更为传统的透视缩短法进行画面空间的处理;注重画面中的光线与祭坛画所在礼拜堂的现实建筑空间的结合形成画面空间的绵延;充分利用画面中的织物、珠宝的反光以及金属的镜像来拓展画面空间的效果。

The Ghent Altarpiece created by Hubert van Eyck and his brother Jan van Eyck is considered one of the greatest artworks in the Renaissance.This paper examines different contents when this painting is unfolded and folded,and analyzes its iconological significance based on the research results of previous scholars.This paper also analyzes techniques used to create space in this painting:it does not adopt the scientific perspective that emerged in Italy during the Renaissance,but uses a traditional perspective;it extends space by combining light and the actual space of the chapel,and expands space by taking advantage of the reflections of fabrics and jewelry and mirror images of metal.