疏离还是统一?——西方大学教学与科研关系的演进及启示

Alienation or Unification?——The Evolution and Enlightenment of the Relationship between Teaching and Research in Western Universities

从中世纪时期出现的最早的大学到现代的多元化大学,教学与科研作为大学不可缺少的发展要素经历了从疏离到统一,从统一到分离的过程。无论大学面临怎样的变革,其教育的灵魂不会改变,即“对人的教育”,人才培养是联结大学教学与科研的纽带与基础。大学教育应是基于科研的教学,而大学科研是基于教学的科研,二者相互关联,只有努力平衡二者的矛盾,积极构建依存关系,才能提高人才培养质量,实现大学的教育内涵。借鉴西方大学教学科研良性互动优秀经验的同时,结合我国大学教学科研相互脱节的现象提出了建议。

From the earliest university in the Middle Ages to the modern pluralistic university,teaching and research,as an indispensable element of university development,have gone through a process from alienation to unification,and then from unification to alienation. Whatever reforms the university undertakes,the soul of its education remains,that is, " education for human beings".Therefore,personnel training is the link and foundation connecting university teaching and research.University education should be based on research while university research should be based on teaching. The two are interrelated. Only by balancing the contradiction and actively building the interdependent relationship between the two can we improve the quality of personnel training and bring out the education connotation of the university. Drawing experience of the benign interaction between teaching and research in western universities,this paper puts forward some suggestions regarding the disconnection between teaching and research in Chinese universities.