黄河流域近十年 NPP 变化特征及驱动因子分析

NPP Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of the Yellow River Valley in the Last Decade

基于BEPS生态过程模型计算的净初级生产力(NPP)、平均最高及最低气温及降水数据,采用Sen+MK趋势分析方法对黄河流域2010~2020年NPP变化趋势情况进行连续监测,利用复相关系数探究气温和降水对NPP的驱动影响情况,并通过土地覆盖类型变换侧面反应人类活动对黄河流域净初级生产力的影响.研究结果表明:黄河流域2010~2020年NPP呈不明显的上升趋势;黄河流域NPP受降水驱动较为明显的地区主要为内蒙古及山东沿海地区,内蒙古、山西、陕西3省交界处主要受到平均最高气温驱动,青海柴达木盆地等地则主要受到平均最低气温驱动;其中,黄河流域NPP的低值区域受气象因子驱动明显,NPP高值区域面积有所扩大,在人类活动影响下植被类型大量向对NPP增长有利的方向转变,表明黄河流域整体生态环境有所改善.

Based on the data of net primary productivity(NPP),mean maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation calculated by the BEPS ecological process model, continuous monitoring of NPP changes in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2020 was carried out by Sen+MK trend analysis.The driving effect of temperature and precipitation on NPP was identified with multiple correlation coefficients.The impact of human activities on NPP in the Yellow River Basin was demonstrated through the change in land cover types.According to the results, there was a slight increase in NPP in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2020.NPP was significantly driven by precipitation in Inner Mongolia and the coastal areas of Shandong Province, by the mean maximum temperature at the border of Inner Mongolia with Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province, and by the mean minimum temperature around the Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province and the Qinling Mountains.The area with low NPP in the Yellow River Basin was significantly driven by meteorological factors, and the area with high NPP saw an increase.Influenced by human activities, vegetation types changed to boost the growth of NPP,suggesting an overall improvement of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.