专科护士主导的前置化管理在微创入路腰椎融合术患者中的应用

Effects of pre-management led by specialist nurses in patients with minimally invasive lumbar fusion

目的探讨专科护士主导的前置化管理在微创入路腰椎融合术中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法选择2022年1—6月在新乡市中心医院脊柱骨科住院行腰椎融合术的154例退行性腰椎疾病患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各77例。对照组采取常规术前护理,观察组在对照组的基础上实施专科护士主导的前置化管理。干预前和术后2周评价两组患者的腰椎功能(Macnab评分)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI),记录并比较两组术后下地时间和术后住院天数。结果两组术后2周的Macnab评分均较高于干预前,ODI评分低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后2周,观察组的Macnab评分高于对照组,ODI评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的术后下地时间和术后住院天数均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论专科护士主导的前置化管理能缓解微创入路腰椎融合术患者的术后腰痛,促进腰椎功能恢复,缩短术后下地时间及术后住院时间,能够提高患者术后康复效果。

Objective To explore the effect of pre-management led by specialist nurses in minimally invasive lumbar fusion.Methods From January to June 2022,154 patients with degenerative lumbar diseases who were admitted to the Department of Spinal Orthopedics of Xinxiang Central Hospital for lumbar fusion were selected by convenience sampling.According to the method of random number table,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,with 77 cases each.The control group was given routine preoperative nursing,while the observation group carried out pre-management led by specialist nurses on the basis of the control group.The lumbar spine function(Macnab criteria)and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)of the two groups were evaluated before and two weeks after the intervention,and the time of getting out of bed and the days of hospitalization after the operation were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results The Macnab criteria of the two groups at two weeks after operation was higher than that before intervention,and the ODI score was lower than that before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Two weeks after operation,the Macnab criteria of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the ODI score was lower than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The time of getting out of bed and the days of hospitalization after operation in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The pre-management led by specialist nurses can alleviate the postoperative low back pain of patients with minimally invasive lumbar fusion,promote the recovery of lumbar function,shorten the postoperative time of getting out of bed and hospital stay,and improve the postoperative rehabilitation of patients.