洱海流域生态系统质量变化及其对气候因子的响应

Variation of ecosystem quality and its response to climatic factors in Erhai Basin

利用多源遥感数据和气象观测数据,基于生态系统生产力指数(EPI)、稳定性指数(ESI)和承载力指数(EBCI),构建遥感综合评价模型,就洱海流域2005-2020年的生态系统质量进行量化研究,并分析其变化与气候因子的相关性。结果表明:洱海流域生态系统质量综合指数(EQCI)均值为56.49(总分100),EPI、ESI和EBCI三项指数均值分别为49.05、74.16和56.97,可见洱海流域生态系统稳定性较好,16 a间EPI、ESI、EBCI和EQCI均呈上升趋势。不同生态系统间,生态质量水平从大到小为:森林>草地>农田>城镇>湿地>水体。当土地类型转变为城镇类型会对生态系统质量带来一定负面影响。草地、森林和农田生态系统中气温和降水与EQCI多呈正相关关系,城镇生态系统中气温与EQCI多呈负相关关系。

Using the multi-source remote sensing data and meteorological observation data,a comprehensive evaluation model of remote sensing was constructed based on the ecosystem productivity index(EPI),stability index(ESI),and bearing capacity index(EBCI).The ecosystem quality of the Erhai Basin from 2005 to 2020 was quantitatively studied,and the correlation between its changes and climatic factors was analyzed.The results indicated that the mean value of the ecosystem quality comprehensive index(EQCI)in Erhai Basin was 56.49(total score was 100),and the mean value of EPI,ESI,and EBCI was 49.05,74.16,and 56.97,respectively.It could be seen that the ecosystem stability of the Erhai basin was good,and the EPI,ESI,EBCI,and EQCI all showed an increasing trend in the past 16 years.Among different ecosystems,the level of environmental quality in descending order was forest>grassland>farmland>town>wetland>water body.The transformation of local classes into urban types would have a negative impact on ecosystem quality.There was a positive correlation between air temperature,precipitation,and EQCI in grassland,forest,and farmland ecosystems,and a negative correlation between air temperature and EQCI in urban ecosystems.