基于模糊PID控制的电动汽车AMT换挡电机控制研究

Research on Control of Electric Vehicle AMT Shift Motor Under Fuzzy PID Control

为了提高电动汽车2挡AMT换挡执行机构的换挡准确度、减少响应时间,提出了一种新型换挡执行机构,采用无刷直流电机作为动力源,并以滚珠丝杆配合齿轮齿条的传动方式,将换挡电机的转动转化为换挡拨指的摆动,实现挡位切换。针对换挡电机控制问题,基于无刷直流电机的数学模型,提出了电流、转速双闭环的控制策略,并采用模糊PID算法对其转速进行控制。最后,基于换挡电机启动、制动、堵转工况工况,对电机控制系统进行建模仿真,结果表明:与常规PID控制相比,无刷直流电机在采用模糊PID控制时具有更好的动态性能和稳定性能。

In order to improve the shift accuracy and reduce the response time of the electric vehicle 2-speed AMT shift actuator,a new shift actuator is proposed in this paper,which adopts a brushless DC motor as the power source and uses a ball screw with a rack and pinion transmission method to convert the rotation of the shift motor into the swing of the shift pointer to achieve gear switching.Based on the mathematical model of the brushless DC motor,a dual closed-loop control strategy of current and speed is proposed and the speed is controlled by fuzzy PID algorithm.Finally,the motor control system is modeled and simulated based on the starting,braking and blocking conditions of the shift motor.The results show that the brushless DC motor has better dynamic performance and stability performance than the conventional PID control.